THE NEUROLOGY

Multiple Choice Questions in Neurology: What is the value of normal resting nerve action potential? -30 mv -40 mv -50 mv -70 mv Resting Nerve Membrane Potentials At the resting state of the neurons: More sodium ions are outside More potassium ions are inside The inside of the neuron is negative relative to the outside In the resting state, the outside of the nerve cell (extracellular) has zero potential so the resting membrane potential is equal to the voltage inside the cell (intracellular). The normal resting membrane potential of a neuron is -70 mV. Remember, the negative (-) means the inside of the neuron is 70 mV less than the outside. The resting nerve membrane potential is because of potassium (K) ions. Reference(s): Hodgkin, A. L., and A. F. Huxley. “Resting and Action Potentials in Single Nerve Fibres.” The Journal of Physiology, vol. 104, no. 2, 1945, pp. 176–95, doi:https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.1945.sp004114. [Answer is 4. -70 mv] Multiple Choice Questions in Neurol...

Multiple Choice Questions in Neurology: A 50-year-old obese female patient presented in OPD with complaints of burning & tingling sensation in her feet for six months. She had off & on lower backache since six months. She had  medical history of dyslipidemia, hypertension and diabetes mellitus for the last five years. She was on Atorvastatin, Metoprolol, Losartan and Metformin. Examination of the patient revealed hyperesthesia and decreased vibration sense in the feet. Bilateral ankle jerks were absent. What could be the most probable diagnosis of this female? Diabetic Polyneuropathy Lumbosacral Radiculopathy Atorvastatin Induced Muscle Cramps Metformin can cause lactic acidosis and leads to muscle pain and cramps Discussion: Burning & tingling sensations are paresthesias. Predominantly distal paresthesias are suggestive of peripheral neuropathy. She was suffering from Diabetes mellitus, which also favors the diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy. Though, sh...